Optimal PMU placement for power system observability considering secondary voltage control

This paper presents an optimal phasor measurement units (PMUs) placement algorithm for the purpose of power system observability and also increasing the performance of secondary voltage control scheme. The optimal placement problem (OPP) is formulated such that to minimize the number of PMU installations subject to full network observability and monitoring pilot buses of the system to improve secondary voltage control performance. The branch and bound optimization method is adopted to solve the OPP problem which is suitable for problems with integer and boolean variables. Topology-based algorithm is used for observability analysis. Constraint functions considering adjacent zero-injection (ZI) buses are constructed using a novel hybrid topology transformation- nonlinear constraint method. The IEEE 14-bus, 30-bus, 57-bus and 118-bus standard test systems and New England 39-bus test system are used for simulation purposes.